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TO ALL WHOM, IT MAY CONCERN:

Beit known that I, RQO- LoWRnY, of Salem, in the county of Washington, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Process for Making Paper, Cloth, and Similar Fabrics Water- Proof; and do hereby declare that thefollowing is 'a fnll, clear, and exact description thereof.

To enable others skilled in the art to construet and use myinvention, I will proceed to describe it.

My invention relates to processes for rendering paper and other fabrics water-proof, and consistsin the 7 application of soap, salt, and alum, or any suitable equivalents of the same, to the materials of which the fabrics are composed, while in the raw state, or to the tabricser articles into which it is made, after being manufactured, or in treating the materials partially while in the "raw state, and completing the treatment after they are manufactured. i I v r In making'water-proof paper, my process maybe applied in part to the raw material before being made into 'paper, and in-part or in whole to the paper after it is manufactured, and in the same way my process maybe applied to all 'woven fabrics; but in rendering leather or. similar articles water-proof, I apply my process after 1 difl'erent greases, resins, or gums.

they are tanned,

My process consists in'the applicationof two solutions, ashereinaftcrdescrihed; The first of these solutions 7 -is made by dissolving soap in k tten-reducing it to the consistency required forfthe special purpose-for which it is'to be used'.: second solution is made by dissolving common salt and alumin water. The proportions ofthe salt and alum will depend upon the ingredients of which the soap is composed, that is, whether grease, resin, or gum is used, and the quantity and quality of each, and will also depend upon the color of the fabric to which it is to be applied,- as' well as the temperature atwhich the solution is used; as, for instance, I find'that the strength and temperature of the solution affect dark colors more sensibly tharrth'ey do light ones.-

' Instead of salt, (chloride of sodiunn) other chlorides or substances having a saline quality may be used, and

instead of alum,(sulphate'of ammonia and sulphate of potassa,) other aliims or sulphates or acetates may be used a with similar results, varying more or less in theircharacteristics.

- -I prefer, however, to use the salt and alum with any soaps derived from fatty substances, resins, or-gums, united with alkalies or sulphuric acid. Y

. For some purposes, I find that better-results are obtained by combining different kinds -of soaps made from In making water-proof paper, I first either treat the pulp with the first solution before the paper is manufaetured, and then treatthe paper, after its manufacture, with the second solution, or the paper. may ba subjected toboth solutions after it is manufactured. In the same way I treat all fabrics thatare not wovenfhut formed '1 up from a pasty mass. v

I All woven or textile fabrics may be treated with both solutionsafter being manufactured, orthe raw materials of which 'they are com-posed, such as eotton, flax, h emp, silk, hair,wool, &c., may be subjected to both solutions heforebeing woven or manufactured- Inboth cases, I first soak the material in the first solution, i then remove, press, and dry them. When dry, saturate with the second solution, and rem ove,press, an d dry, as before. I

' I'treatleathenin like manner, first with my first solution, and then with myse cond solution.

In this way I am able to produce a completely water-proof paper, and to give to all woven articles: or fabrics,

as well as leathenastrongwater-repellent quality, I i i Havingthus described my invention, what I claim, is-'- as herein described;

The process of making paper, cloth,'and all similar fabrics, as well as leather, comparatively water-proof,

2L The products resulting from the application. of my process to pulp, paper, cloth, and similar fabrics, as I I well as leather, as herein described. w l

R. 0. LO'WREY. 

